Race and Ethnic Inequality in Health and Health Care in Colombia

In this paper we explore race and ethnic health inequalities in Colombia. We first characterize the situation of Afro-Colombians and indigenous populations in Colombia. Second, we document racial/ethnic disparities in health outcomes and access to health care using data from the Living Standards Survey and the evaluation of the Familias en Acción program. Third, we set up a statistical model that allows us to test whether some of the health inequalities that are observed still remain after controlling for a wide range of individual and household observed characteristics, including access to health care. The results indicate that most racial and ethnic disparities in health and access to health care disappear once we control for socioeconomic characteristics of individuals, employment status and characteristics of the job and geographic location among other things. Based on these findings we make some specific policy recommendations aimed at improving the status of racial minorities in Colombia.Salud, Seguros en salud, Raza y etnicidad.Health Outcomes, Health Care, Race and Ethnicity

Decolonizing perspectives in peace research

Decoloniality, decolonial perspectives, decolonial methods and the decolonization of thought have all become significant buzzwords in the academic debates of recent years. What do these terms and concepts mean, and what demands do they entail for peace studies and activism? This chapter pursues three goals: First, to create an understanding of what decolonial perspectives argue and propose as a transformative decolonizing practice. Second, to create an understanding of what this means within peace studies. Third, to highlight some topics that should be addressed to avoid that decolonizing peace studies and peace psychology becomes a metaphor. The chapter discusses along four dimensions how coloniality is reflected there and what added value decolonial perspectives can provide for peace research and peace psychology: (a) knowledge (re)production, (b) research methods, (c) institutions and structures, and (d) intra- and interpersonal mechanisms. All sections are accompanied by examples and orientation questions. In this respect, the chapter does not offer a blueprint but appeals to understand decolonial perspectives as a transformational practice that is imperative for engaging in peace research and practice

Understanding mechanisms of enzyme co-operativity: The importance of not being at equilibrium

AbstractThe discovery at the end of the 1950s and the beginning of the 1960s that there were enzymes like threonine deaminase and aspartate transcarbamoylase that failed to follow the expected hyperbolic behaviour predicted by the Michaelis–Menten equation, raised several questions and induced the development of mechanisms to explain this peculiar behaviour. At that time it was already known that the binding of oxygen to haemoglobin did not follow a hyperbolic curve, but a sigmoidal one, and it was thought that a similar situation probably existed for enzymes with sigmoidal kinetics. In other words, the observed kinetic behaviour was a consequence of co-operativity in the substrate binding. Two main models were postulated: those of Monod, Wyman and Changeux in 1965 and of Koshland, Némethy and Filmer in 1966. Both consider that the different conformations are in equilibrium and that there is a rapid equilibrium in the binding, which implies that co-operativity could only exist if there is more than one substrate binding site per enzyme molecule, that is, if the enzyme is an oligomer. What about monomeric enzymes, could they show kinetic co-operativity? Yes, but only through mechanisms that imply the existence of enzyme conformations that are not in equilibrium, and have different kinetic parameters. There are, in fact, very few examples of monomeric enzymes showing kinetic co-operativity with a natural substrate. The case of “glucokinase” (hexokinase D or hexokinase IV), a monomeric enzyme with co-operativity with respect to glucose, will be discussed

Alienacion y violencia en las obras de Beatriz Cabur

In the last decades of the 21st century, the growing interest in legitimising contemporary Spanish female playwrights is evident in the context of contemporary feminist theories. This research explores Beatriz Cabur's plays, published and performed nationally and internationally, insofar as they respond to some of the current feminist demands regarding trauma. This study delves into the need for appropriate critical and analytical models for the study of theatrical experimentalism, which, in addition to its academic value, addresses current feminist demands. The development of this study is supported by clear thematic links that are established, from which it is possible to delve into the implicit and explicit feminisms of contemporary Spanish theatre, as well as the shaping, development, and legitimisation of contemporary feminine identities.En las últimas décadas del siglo XXI, el creciente interés por legitimar a las dramaturgas españolas contemporáneas es evidente en el contexto de las teorías feministas contemporáneas. Esta investigación explora las obras de Beatriz Cabur, publicadas y representadas a nivel nacional e internacional, en la medida en que responden a algunas de las exigencias feministas actuales en materia de trauma. Este estudio profundiza en la necesidad de contar con modelos críticos y analíticos adecuados para el estudio del experimentalismo teatral que, además de su valor académico, respondan a las demandas feministas actuales. El desarrollo de este estudio se apoya en claros vínculos temáticos que se establecen, a partir de los cuales es posible profundizar en los feminismos implícitos y explícitos del teatro español contemporáneo, así como en la conformación, desarrollo y legitimación de las identidades femeninas contemporáneas

Model of care process of rehabilitation

El documento formula una propuesta para implementar un modelo de atención – Proceso Rehabilitación Integral, que permita la prestación de los servicios con calidad y oportunidadThe document formulates a proposal to implement a model of care - process Rehabilitation Integral, allowing the provision of services with quality and timelines

Revisión preliminar sobre el control y comunicación de color en el retail textil chileno

This work is the result of a preliminary revision on the color control and management in the textile retail industry in Chile. This work aimed to determine which variables are key within a typical textile supply chain. Interviews and surveys were carried out among color assessors in the Chilean retail. The most important variables that influence the control and management of color at the national level were identified. In addition, it was determined that many of the practices in color assessment are made very intuitive due to the lack of knowledge and a solid background in color science. This information gives the basis to understand how color management works and it allows to identify possible strategies to implement control and communication of color in the national retail industry.Este trabajo es el resultado de una revisión preliminar sobre el manejo y gestión del color en la industria de retail chilena, con el objetivo de determinar qué variables son claves dentro de una típica cadena de suministro textil. A partir de entrevistas y encuentras a personas que día a día toman decisiones de color en ese ámbito, se identificaron las variables importantes que podrían influir en el control y gestión de color en el ámbito nacional. Además, se logró identificar que muchas de las prácticas hechas por el retail textil chileno en torno al color, se hacen de una forma intuitiva. La gran mayoría por falta de conocimiento y carencia de una formación en ciencia del color. Está información da las bases para entender cómo funciona la gestión de color a nivel nacional y además permite identificar posibles estrategias para implementar control y comunicación del color en la industria de Retail textil nacional

Exceso de institucionalidad en la regulación de combustibles líquidos en Colombia – necesidad de homogenizar funciones

Trabajo de InvestigaciónLos decretos 4130 y 1260 asignaron a la Comisión de regulación de Energía y gas y Ministerio de Minas y Energía una serie de competencias regulatorias en materia de combustibles líquidos específicamente en la fijación de precios en Colombia, la investigación dará cuenta de una posible reasignación de funciones garantizando los principios de eficacia y economía en la función administrativa.INTRODUCCIÓN METODOLOGÍA 1. SECTOR DE COMBUSTIBLES LIQUIDOS EN COLOMBIA 2. REGULACION DE COMBUSTIBLES LIQUIDOS EN COLOMBIA 3. NECESIDAD DE HOMOGENIZAR FUNCIONES CONCLUSIONES REFERENCIASPregradoAbogad

Construcciones Culturales del sabor: comida rarámuri

ResumenEn el presente artículo se aborda el sabor y el acto de saborear la comida como piezas importantes en la percepción humana del mundo y en su apropiación cultural. La universalidad de los rasgos fisiológicos sensoriales en relación con los sabores, así como las generalizadas preferencias gustativas por lo dulce y el rechazo a lo amargo, actúan como un soporte sobre el cual los diversos grupos humanos han construido culturalmente clasificaciones, manifestaciones y significados relativos a la comida y a sus sabores. En este trabajo se presenta una aproximación antropológica al fenómeno del sabor y un estudio etnográfico sobre el caso de la comida de la cultura rarámuri en la Sierra Tarahumara, México.AbstractIn this article we approach the flavor and taste of food as important facets of human perception of the world and of cultural appropriation. The universality of the sensory physiological traits in relation to the flavors and the widespread taste preference for sweet and aversion for bitter, act as a support on which the various human groups have culturally constructed classifications, expressions and related meanings of food and its flavors. This paper deals with an anthropological approach to the phenomenon of flavor and an ethnographic case study on food in the Raramuri culture of the Sierra Tarahumara, Mexico

El conocimiento didáctico en docentes de química de bachillerato

Se documentó el Conocimiento Didáctico General de profesores de química del nivel medio superior, con y sin formación docente formal. Se usó un enfoque fenomenográfico para documentar y analizar cualitativamente la experiencia docente en una clase de química y se construyeron categorías de análisis. Esta investigación muestra, por un lado, que las categorías de conocimiento didáctico más importantes para los profesores de química de este estudio son coincidentes con diferente énfasis, para uno de los profesores la mayor preocupación se ubica en si se produjo la comprensión de parte de los estudiantes; mientras que, para el otro, la atención se centra en los aspectos afectivos y en el conocimiento de las características de los estudiantes